Pallid Cave Spider
Eidmannella pallida (Emerton, 1875)

Taxonomy

Description

Diagnostic characters

Ecological class

Troglophile

Realm

Terrestrial

Distribution

Range

Known from 88 counties across 20 states.

Continent

North America

Country

United States

States and provinces

Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia

Counties

Alabama

Blount, Calhoun, Conecuh, Jackson, Limestone, Madison, Marshall, Morgan

Arkansas

Izard, Madison, Washington

Arizona

Cochise

Florida

Alachua, Citrus, Jackson

Georgia

Catoosa, Chattooga, Dade, Decatur, Floyd, Grady, Randolph

Hawaii

Kauai

Iowa

Dubuque

Illinois

Hardin, Jo Daviess, Monroe, St. Clair

Indiana

Monroe, Owen

Kentucky

Adair, Larue, Logan

Maryland

Alleghany, Washington

New Mexico

Eddy

Ohio

Vinton

Oklahoma

Adair, Delaware, Murray

Pennsylvania

Berks, Mifflin

South Carolina

Oconee

Tennessee

Cannon, Davidson, Franklin, Grundy, Marion, Roane, Rutherford

Texas

Bell, Bexar, Burnet, Childress, Collingsworth, Comal, Crockett, Hardeman, Howard, King, Kinney, Llano, Menard, Reagan, Real, San Saba, Schleicher, Stonewall, Sutton, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Ward, Washington, Williamson

Virginia

Allegany, Augusta, Giles, Lee, Page, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Scott, Tazewell, Washington

West Virginia

Grant, Greenbrier, Pocahontas

Conservation and management

NatureServe

GNR Unranked

National ranks

United States

NNR

Canada

NU

Subnational ranks

West Virginia

SNR Unranked

Alabama

SNR Unranked

Pennsylvania

SNR Unranked

Indiana

SNR Unranked

Illinois

SNR Unranked

Ontario

SU Unrankable

Newfoundland and Labrador

SU Unrankable

Quebec

SNR Unranked

Nova Scotia

SU Unrankable

State and federal status

Not listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act

References

• Archer, A.F. 1940. Some cave spiders of Alabama. Journal of the Alabama Academy of Science 12: 28.
• Banta, A.M. 1907. The fauna of Mayfield's Cave. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 67: 1–114. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/60987.
• Barr, T.C. & Reddell, J.R. 1967. The arthropod cave fauna of the Carlsbad Caverns region, New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 12: 253–273.
• Cooper, J.E. 1975. Ecological and behavioral studies in Shelta Cave, Alabama, with emphasis on decapod crustaceans. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. 364 pp.
• Fenolio, D.B., Niemiller, M.L., Slay, M.E. & Carter, E.T. 2017. Biological inventories of caves in the Ozarks of northeastern Oklahoma: December 2017 field report. Report to Oklahoma Biological Survey. San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 17 pp.
• Fenolio, D.B. 2017. 2017 Ozark aquatic subterranean wildlife surveys. Report to Oklahoma Biological Survey. San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 15 pp.
• Fenolio, D.B., Niemiller, M.L., Slay, M.E. & Carter, E.T. 2018. Biological inventories of caves in the Ozarks of northeastern Oklahoma: December 2018 field report. Report to Oklahoma Biological Survey. San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 25 pp.
• Fenolio, D.B., Slay, M.E. & Niemiller, M.L. 2023. Biological inventories of caves in the Ozarks of northeastern Oklahoma: December 2023 field report. Report to Oklahoma Biological Survey. San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 24 pp.
• Fenolio, D.B., Slay, M.E., Niemiller, M.L. & Richard, K. 2024. Biological inventories of caves in the Ozarks of northeastern Oklahoma: December 2024 field report. Report to Oklahoma Biological Survey. San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, Texas, USA. 17 pp.
• Franz, R., Bauer, J. & Morris, T. 1994. Review of biologically significant caves and their faunas in Florida and south Georgia. Brimleyana 20: 1–109. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/229726.
• Gertsch, W.J. 1984. The spider family Nesticidae (Araneae) in North America, Central America and the West Indies. Texas Memorial Museum Bulletin 31: 1–91.
• Lawson, K.M., Schotz, A.R., Jenkins, A.J., Armbruster, J.W., Black, C., Callahan, M., Goertzen, L., Hansen, C., Stephen, C.D.R., Werneke, D., Mendonca, M. & Molina, E. 2021. Planning level survey of Redstone Arsenal for at-risk species and ecologically significant communities. Environmental Management Division, U.S. Army Garrison, Redstone Arsenal, Huntsville, Alabama, USA. 402 pp.
• Lewis, J.J., Moss, P., Tecic, D. & Nelson, M.E. 2003. A conservation focused inventory of subterranean invertebrates of the southwestern Illinois karst. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 65: 9–21.
• Lewis, J.J. & Lewis, S.L. 2005. Inventory of the subterranean fauna of Tims Ford State Park, Franklin County, Tennessee. Tennesee Natural Heritage Program, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 28 pp.
• Lewis, J.J. & Lewis, S.L. 2007. A biological reconnaissance of selected caves in the Highland Rim area of central Tennessee. Tennessee Chapter Cave Program, The Nature Conservancy, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 42 pp.
• Lewis, J.J., Whitaker, J.O. & Krantz, G.W. 2010. A biological reconnaissance of the invertebrate fauna of twelve Tennessee caves with notes on the guanophilic mites of the genus Macrocheles. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science 85: 53–61.
• Mays, J. 2018. Inventory of Florida's cave fauna with a focus on terrestrial invertebrate species. Progress Report for Florida Park Service. Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. 9 pp.
• McDaniel, V.R., Paige, K.N. & Tumlison, C.R. 1979. Cave fauna of Arkansas: additional invertebrate and vertebrate records. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 33: 84–85. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol33/iss1/35.
• Niemiller, M.L., Zigler, K.S., Hart, P.B., Kuhajda, B.R., Armbruster, J.W., Ayala, B.N. & Engel, A.S. 2016. First definitive record of a stygobiotic fish (Percopsiformes, Amblyopsidae, Typhlichthys) from the Appalachians karst region in the eastern United States. Subterranean Biology 20: 39–50. doi:10.3897/subtbiol.20.9693
• Niemiller, M.L., Maxwell, E. & Higgs, J.P. 2024. A biological inventory of Sinking Spring Cave at Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park, Larue County, Kentucky, USA. U.S. National Park Service, Hodgenville, Kentucky, USA. 21 pp.
• Peck, S.B. 1970. The terrestrial arthropod fauna of Florida caves. The Florida Entomologist 53: 203–207. doi:10.2307/3493189
• Peck, S.B. & Lewis, J.J. 1978. Zoogeography and evolution of the subterranean invertebrate faunas of Illinois and southeastern Missouri. National Speleological Society Bulletin 40: 39–63.
• Peck, S.B. 1988. A review of the cave fauna of Canada, and the composition and ecology of the invertebrate fauna of caves and mines in Ontario. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 1197–1213. doi:10.1139/z88-176
• Peck, S.B. 1989. The cave fauna of Alabama. Part I. The terrestrial invertebrates (excluding insects). National Speleological Society Bulletin 51: 11–33.
• Peck, S.B. & Christiansen, K. 1990. Evolution and zoogeography of the invertebrate cave faunas of the Driftless Area of the upper Mississippi River Valley of Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 73–88. doi:10.1139/z90-012
• Reeves, W.K., Jensen, J.B. & Ozier, J.C. 2000. New faunal and fungal records from caves in Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 62: 169–179. https://caves.org/wp-content/uploads/Publications/JCKS/v62/v62n3-Reeves.pdf.
• Webb, D.W., Taylor, S.J. & Krejca, J.K. 1993. The biological resources of Illinois caves and other subterranean environments. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, USA. 143 pp.
• Zigler, K.S., Niemiller, M.L., Stephen, C.D.R., Ayala, B.N., Milne, M.A., Gladstone, N.S., Engel, A.S., Jensen, J.B., Camp, C.D., Ozier, J.C. & Cressler, A. 2020. Biodiversity from caves and other subterranean habitats of Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 82: 125–167. doi:10.4311/2019LSC0125

How to cite this account

Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.

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