American Toad
Anaxyrus americanus (Holbrook, 1836)
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Subphylum | Vertebrata |
| Class | Amphibia |
| Order | Anura |
| Family | Bufonidae |
| Genus | Anaxyrus |
| Species | Anaxyrus americanus (Holbrook, 1836) |
Description
Diagnostic characters
- Ecological class
- Accidental
Distribution
Range
Known from four counties across four states.
Continent
North America
Country
United States
States and provinces
Alabama, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee
Counties
- Alabama
- Jackson
- Illinois
- Pike
- Kentucky
- Barren
- Tennessee
- Grundy
Conservation and management
IUCN Red List
LC Least Concern
Assessed in 2022.
NatureServe
G5 Secure
National ranks
- Canada
- N5 Secure
- United States
- N5 Secure
Subnational ranks
- Nunavut
- SU Unrankable
- Ontario
- S5 Secure
- Prince Edward Island
- S5 Secure
- Quebec
- S5 Secure
- Manitoba
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Newfoundland and Labrador
- S5 Secure
- Newfoundland and Labrador
- SNA Not Applicable
- Nova Scotia
- S5 Secure
- New Brunswick
- S5 Secure
- Oklahoma
- SNR Unranked
- Illinois
- S5 Secure
- South Carolina
- S5 Secure
- Kansas
- S5 Secure
- Virginia
- S5 Secure
- New Hampshire
- S5 Secure
- Mississippi
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Connecticut
- S5 Secure
- Alabama
- S5 Secure
- Arkansas
- S5 Secure
- New York
- S5 Secure
- Rhode Island
- S5 Secure
- Michigan
- S5 Secure
- Missouri
- S5 Secure
- Minnesota
- S5 Secure
- North Carolina
- S5 Secure
- Maryland
- S5 Secure
- Delaware
- S5 Secure
- New Jersey
- S5 Secure
- Nebraska
- S1 Critically Imperiled
- North Dakota
- SNR Unranked
- West Virginia
- S5 Secure
- Maine
- S5 Secure
- Wisconsin
- S5 Secure
- Pennsylvania
- S5 Secure
- Louisiana
- S3 Vulnerable
- District of Columbia
- S5 Secure
- Iowa
- S5 Secure
- Vermont
- S5 Secure
- South Dakota
- SU Unrankable
- Kentucky
- S5 Secure
- Tennessee
- S5 Secure
- Massachusetts
- S5 Secure
- Georgia
- S5 Secure
- Indiana
- SNR Unranked
- Ohio
- SNR Unranked
- Texas
- S4 Apparently Secure
Ranks looked up 2 August 2026. Conservation status changes, and a rank here is as current as that date and no more.
State and federal status
Not listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
References
- Godwin, J.C. 2008. Biological inventory of the cave and karst systems of The Nature Conservancy's Sharp-Bingham Mountain Preserve. Alabama Natural Heritage Program, Auburn, Alabama, USA. 40 pp.
- Hobbs, III., H.H. 1994. Assessment of the ecological resources of the caves of Russell Cave National Monument, Jackson County, Alabama and of selected caves at the Lookout Mountain Unit of Chickamauga-Chattanooga National Military Park, Dade County, Georgia and Hamilton County, Tennessee. 200 pp.
- Lewis, J.J. 2005a. A biological inventory of caves of the Cumberland Plateau. Tennessee Chapter Cave Program, The Nature Conservancy, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 156 pp.
- Niemiller, M.L. & Miller, B.T. 2009. A survey of the cave-associated herpetofauna of the eastern United States with an emphasis on salamanders. Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Speleology, Kerrville, Texas, USA, Volume 1: 249–256.
- Webb, D.W., Taylor, S.J. & Krejca, J.K. 1993. The biological resources of Illinois caves and other subterranean environments. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, USA. 143 pp.
This account was last revised 6 September 2026. Conservation ranks were looked up 2 August 2026.
How to cite this account
Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.
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