Blood Worm
Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Annelida |
| Class | Clitellata |
| Order | Crassiclitellata |
| Family | Lumbricidae |
| Genus | Lumbricus |
| Species | Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843 |
Description
Diagnostic characters
- Ecological class
- Troglophile
- Realm
- Terrestrial
Distribution
Range
Known from eight counties across four states.
Continent
North America
Country
United States
States and provinces
Georgia, Illinois, North Carolina, Virginia
Counties
- Georgia
- Bartow, Dade, Walker
- Illinois
- Carroll, Hardin, Johnson
- North Carolina
- Macon
- Virginia
- Bath
Conservation and management
NatureServe
GNR Unranked
National ranks
- Canada
- NNA
- United States
- NNA
Subnational ranks
- Newfoundland and Labrador
- SNA Not Applicable
- Nova Scotia
- SNA Not Applicable
- Northwest Territories
- SNA Not Applicable
- New Brunswick
- SNA Not Applicable
- Manitoba
- SNA Not Applicable
- Ontario
- SNA Not Applicable
- Prince Edward Island
- SNA Not Applicable
- Yukon
- SNA Not Applicable
- British Columbia
- SNA Not Applicable
- Alberta
- SNA Not Applicable
- Indiana
- SNA Not Applicable
- Georgia
- SNA Not Applicable
- Montana
- SNA Not Applicable
- Wyoming
- SNA Not Applicable
State and federal status
Not listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act
References
- Peck, S.B. & Lewis, J.J. 1978. Zoogeography and evolution of the subterranean invertebrate faunas of Illinois and southeastern Missouri. National Speleological Society Bulletin 40: 39–63.
- Peck, S.B. & Christiansen, K. 1990. Evolution and zoogeography of the invertebrate cave faunas of the Driftless Area of the upper Mississippi River Valley of Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois, U.S.A. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 73–88. doi:10.1139/z90-012
- Reeves, W.K. & Reynolds, J.W. 1999. New records of cave-dwelling earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae and Naididae) and other annelids (Aeolosomatida, Branchiobdellida and Hirudinea) in the southeastern United States, with notes on their ecology. Megadrilogica 7: 65–71.
- Reeves, W.K., Jensen, J.B. & Ozier, J.C. 2000. New faunal and fungal records from caves in Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 62: 169–179. https://caves.org/wp-content/uploads/Publications/JCKS/v62/v62n3-Reeves.pdf.
- Webb, D.W., Taylor, S.J. & Krejca, J.K. 1993. The biological resources of Illinois caves and other subterranean environments. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois, USA. 143 pp.
- Zigler, K.S., Niemiller, M.L., Stephen, C.D.R., Ayala, B.N., Milne, M.A., Gladstone, N.S., Engel, A.S., Jensen, J.B., Camp, C.D., Ozier, J.C. & Cressler, A. 2020. Biodiversity from caves and other subterranean habitats of Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 82: 125–167. doi:10.4311/2019LSC0125
How to cite this account
Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843. Cave Biology Data Portal, account SP-2601. https://cavebiology.org/species/lumbricus-rubellus/ (accessed 7 September 2026).
Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.
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