Fowler's Toad
Anaxyrus fowleri (Hinckley, 1882)
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Subphylum | Vertebrata |
| Class | Amphibia |
| Order | Anura |
| Family | Bufonidae |
| Genus | Anaxyrus |
| Species | Anaxyrus fowleri (Hinckley, 1882) |
Description
Diagnostic characters
- Ecological class
- Accidental
Distribution
Range
Known from four counties across two states.
Continent
North America
Country
United States
States and provinces
Georgia, Kentucky
Counties
- Georgia
- Dade
- Kentucky
- Barren/Edmonson/Hart, Edmonson, Hart
Conservation and management
IUCN Red List
LC Least Concern
Assessed in 2022.
NatureServe
G5 Secure
National ranks
- Canada
- N2 Imperiled
- United States
- N5 Secure
Subnational ranks
- Ontario
- S2 Imperiled
- Oklahoma
- SNR Unranked
- Massachusetts
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Arkansas
- S5 Secure
- NJ
- S4 Apparently Secure
- District of Columbia
- S5 Secure
- Georgia
- S5 Secure
- Indiana
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Louisiana
- SNR Unranked
- DE
- S5 Secure
- Texas
- SNR Unranked
- Michigan
- S3 Vulnerable
- South Carolina
- S5 Secure
- Kentucky
- S5 Secure
- RI
- S3 Vulnerable
- Maryland
- S5 Secure
- Connecticut
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Florida
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Iowa
- S3 Vulnerable
- West Virginia
- S5 Secure
- Vermont
- S1 Critically Imperiled
- Ohio
- SNR Unranked
- Mississippi
- S5 Secure
- NH
- S2 Imperiled
- New York
- S4 Apparently Secure
- Missouri
- S5 Secure
- Illinois
- S5 Secure
- Kansas
- S3 Vulnerable
- North Carolina
- S5 Secure
- Virginia
- S5 Secure
- Alabama
- S5 Secure
- Tennessee
- S5 Secure
- Pennsylvania
- S3 Vulnerable
State and federal status
Not listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act
References
- Barr, T.C., Jr. & Kuehne, R.A. 1971. Ecological studies in the Mammoth Cave system of Kentucky. II. The Ecosystem. Annales de Speleologie 26: 47–96. doi:10.5038/1827-806X.3.1.10
- Niemiller, M.L. & Miller, B.T. 2009. A survey of the cave-associated herpetofauna of the eastern United States with an emphasis on salamanders. Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Speleology, Kerrville, Texas, USA, Volume 1: 249–256.
- Pearson, W.D. & Boston, C.H., Jr. 1995. Distribution and status of the northern cavefish, Amblyopsis spelaea. Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fish and Wildlife, Nongame and Endangered Wildlife Program,, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. 99 pp.
- Zigler, K.S., Niemiller, M.L., Stephen, C.D.R., Ayala, B.N., Milne, M.A., Gladstone, N.S., Engel, A.S., Jensen, J.B., Camp, C.D., Ozier, J.C. & Cressler, A. 2020. Biodiversity from caves and other subterranean habitats of Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 82: 125–167. doi:10.4311/2019LSC0125
How to cite this account
Anaxyrus fowleri (Hinckley, 1882). Cave Biology Data Portal, account SP-2175. https://cavebiology.org/species/anaxyrus-fowleri/ (accessed 7 September 2026).
Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.
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