West Virginia Spring Salamander
Gyrinophilus subterraneus Besharse & Holsinger, 1977
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Subphylum | Vertebrata |
| Class | Amphibia |
| Order | Caudata |
| Family | Plethodontidae |
| Genus | Gyrinophilus |
| Species | Gyrinophilus subterraneus Besharse & Holsinger, 1977 |
Description
Diagnostic characters
- Ecological class
- Stygobiont
- Realm
- Aquatic
- Troglomorphy
- Troglomorphic
- Maximum body length
- 180 mm
Distribution
Type locality
General Davis Cave, Greenbrier Co. WV
Range
Known from West Virginia in the Appalachians karst region.
Continent
North America
Country
United States
States and provinces
West Virginia
Counties
County-level records have not been compiled for this taxon. Distribution is recorded at state and karst-region level.
Karst regions
Appalachians
Genetics
Molecular resources
| Marker | Molecule | Sequences | Length | Exemplar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytb | mitochondrial | 37 | 612-791 bp | ON524161.1 |
| ND | mitochondrial | 5 | 633-1036 bp | KY073086.1 |
| RAG1 | nuclear | 3 | 758-1258 bp | KY073121.1 |
45 sequences, retrieved 23 August 2026. Counts change as sequences are deposited. Search GenBank.
Download all 45 sequence records (CSV) Accession, marker, molecule type, length, GenBank definition and a direct link.
Specimens
Type material
- Holotype
- USNM 198533 · National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
- Paratype ×4
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard
- Paratype ×8
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Collections holding material
| Institution | Lots |
|---|---|
| LSU Museum of Natural Science | 12 |
| National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution | 12 |
| Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard | 4 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History | 2 |
30 cataloged lots in 4 collections. Compiled from GBIF and not an exhaustive census: many collections are not yet digitised, and holdings are added continually. Search GBIF for specimen records.
Download all 30 specimen records (CSV) Institution, catalog number, type status and preparation. No coordinates.
Conservation and management
IUCN Red List
CR Critically Endangered B1ab(v)+2ab(v)
Assessed in 2021.
NatureServe
G1 Critically Imperiled
Global rank last reviewed 10 June 2019.
Subnational ranks
- West Virginia
- S1 Critically Imperiled
State and federal status
Proposed Endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act; the listing is not yet in force
Federal: Proposed Endangered
Threats
- Agriculture - Logging
Other resources
How to cite this account
Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.
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