Raccoon coil
Helicodiscus barri Hubricht, 1962
Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Order | Stylommatophora |
| Family | Helicodiscidae |
| Genus | Helicodiscus |
| Species | Helicodiscus barri Hubricht, 1962 |
Synonyms
- Helicodiscus barri Hubricht, 1962 (subjective synonym, CoL)
Description
Diagnostic characters
- Ecological class
- Troglobiont
- Realm
- Terrestrial
- Troglomorphy
- Troglomorphic
Distribution
Type locality
Columbia Caverns, Dickson Co. TN
Range
Known from 22 counties across three states across two karst regions.
Continent
North America
Country
United States
States and provinces
Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee
Counties
- Alabama
- Colbert, Lauderdale, Limestone, Madison
- Georgia
- Chattooga, Walker
- Tennessee
- Anderson, Campbell, Cumberland, Davidson, DeKalb, Dickson, Franklin, Grundy, Jackson, Knox, Montgomery, Overton, Perry, Putnam, Union, Van Buren
Karst regions
Appalachians, Interior Low Plateau
Genetics
Molecular resources
| Marker | Molecule | Sequences | Length | Exemplar |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28S | nuclear | 57 | 233-1280 bp | MK590410.1 |
| H3 | nuclear | 25 | 275-329 bp | MK675034.1 |
| COI | mitochondrial | 24 | 466-667 bp | MK675009.1 |
106 sequences, retrieved 23 August 2026. Counts change as sequences are deposited. Search GenBank.
Download all 106 sequence records (CSV) Accession, marker, molecule type, length, GenBank definition and a direct link.
Specimens
Type material
- Holotype
- 207799 · University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Paratype
- MO263017 · Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
- Paratype
- 239122 · Field Museum of Natural History
- Paratype
- 207800 · University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
Collections holding material
| Institution | Lots |
|---|---|
| Field Museum of Natural History | 9 |
| University of Michigan Museum of Zoology | 2 |
| Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History | 1 |
13 cataloged lots in 4 collections. Compiled from GBIF and not an exhaustive census: many collections are not yet digitised, and holdings are added continually. Search GBIF for specimen records.
Download all 13 specimen records (CSV) Institution, catalog number, type status and preparation. No coordinates.
Conservation and management
NatureServe
G3G4 Vulnerable to Apparently Secure
Global rank last reviewed 8 December 2004.
Subnational ranks
- Alabama
- SNR Unranked
- Georgia
- SNR Unranked
- Tennessee
- S3 Vulnerable
Ranks looked up 2 August 2026. Conservation status changes, and a rank here is as current as that date and no more.
State and federal status
Not listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
Other resources
References
- Cooper, J.E. 1975. Ecological and behavioral studies in Shelta Cave, Alabama, with emphasis on decapod crustaceans. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. 364 pp.
- Gladstone, N.S., Carter, E.T., McKinney, M.L. & Niemiller, M.L. 2018a. Status and distribution of the cave-obligate land snails in the Appalachians and Interior Low Plateau of the eastern United States. American Malacological Bulletin 36: 62–78.
- Hubricht, L. 1962. New species of Helicodiscus from the eastern United States. The Nautilus 75: 102–107. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8283022. details
- Hubricht, L. 1964. Land snails from the caves of Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama. National Speleological Society Bulletin 26: 33–36.
- Hubricht, L. 1973. The land snails of Tennessee. Sterkiana 49: 11–17.
- Lewis, J.J. 2005a. A biological inventory of caves of the Cumberland Plateau. Tennessee Chapter Cave Program, The Nature Conservancy, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 156 pp.
- Lewis, J.J. 2009b. Eight new cavernicolous species of the milliped genus Pseudotremia (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Cleidogonidae). In: Roble, S.M. & Mithcell, J.C. (eds), A Lifetime of Contributions to Myriapodology and the Natural History of Virginia: A Festschrift in Honor of Richard L. Hoffman’s 80th Birthday. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 16, pp. 171–186. Virginia Museum of Natural History, Martinsville, Virginia, USA.
- Niemiller, M.L., Fenolio, D.B. & Zigler, K.S. 2012b. The obligate cave fauna of Georgia. Bulletin of the Georgia Speleological Survey 2012: 6–12.
- Niemiller, M.L. & Zigler, K.S. 2013. Patterns of cave biodiversity and endemism in the Appalachians and Interior Plateau of Tennessee, USA. PLOS One 8: e64177. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064177
- Peck, S.B. 1989. The cave fauna of Alabama. Part I. The terrestrial invertebrates (excluding insects). National Speleological Society Bulletin 51: 11–33.
- Zigler, K.S., Niemiller, M.L., Stephen, C.D.R., Ayala, B.N., Milne, M.A., Gladstone, N.S., Engel, A.S., Jensen, J.B., Camp, C.D., Ozier, J.C. & Cressler, A. 2020. Biodiversity from caves and other subterranean habitats of Georgia, USA. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 82: 125–167. doi:10.4311/2019LSC0125
This account was last revised 28 August 2026. Conservation ranks were looked up 2 August 2026.
How to cite this account
Data sources and funding are listed in the Acknowledgments.
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